Ihre Suche
Ergebnisse 88 Einträge
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Angaben zum Inhalt: „Eind 2019 ontstond in Wuhan de uitbraak van het COVID-19 virus, wat enkele maanden later voor een wereldwijde pandemie heeft gezorgd. Om de uitbraak van dit virus in te dijken en te bestrijden, hebben België en heel wat andere landen ingrijpende maatregelen moeten doorvoeren die het sociale en economische leven aan banden hebben gelegd. COVID-19 infecteert dus niet alleen de gezondheid, maar ook het sociaal-economische weefsel en heeft zo, al dan niet tijdelijk, een zware impact op de arbeidsmarkt. Het is momenteel nog te vroeg om te kunnen inschatten hoe lang de COVID-19 crisis en bijhorende maatregelen zullen duren, maar de dreiging van een recessie is duidelijk aanwezig. Het maakt het waarschijnlijk dat de Vlaamse arbeidsmarkt na een lange periode van toenemende krapte terug meer ontspannen wordt, door een toenemend aantal werklozen en een dalende vraag naar arbeid. Dit kan ervoor zorgen dat degenen die zich voor de COVID-19-crisis buiten de arbeidsmarkt bevonden, of die niet optimaal werden ingezet, het nog moeilijker zullen hebben om de weg naar volwaardig werk te vinden. Deze groepen verdienen ook de komende tijd onze aandacht. Bovendien wordt de Vlaamse arbeidsmarkt gekenmerkt door een hoge toekomstige uitstroom van 55-plussers en een dalende bevolking op arbeidsleeftijd. Jongeren zijn de voorbije jaren ook steeds later de arbeidsmarkt ingetreden. In het geval dat de Vlaamse arbeidsmarkt zich binnen afzienbare tijd weet te herstellen van de COVID-19 crisis, maken deze trends een creatieve blik op het inzetten van de bevolking op arbeidsleeftijd opnieuw urgent. In dit artikel ontleden we de niet-traditionele groepen van arbeidspotentieel bij de werkenden en niet-beroepsactieven naar gewest en zoomen we in op de mogelijke werkzaamheidsgroei die zou gerealiseerd kunnen worden indien de groepen die het dichtst bij de arbeidsmarkt staan aan het werk zouden gaan.“
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Abstract: „Dit artikel onderzoekt het Nederlandse politieke en media discours als reactie op de eerste golf van de wereldwijde covid-19-pandemie. Hierbij staat de vraag centraal in hoeverre de ontwikkeling en toon van dit discours de logica volgt van wat in de literatuur ook wel aangeduid wordt als ‘regeren door middel van migratiecontrole’. Volgens deze logica wordt migratie naar voren gebracht als een oorzaak van verschillende problematische, complexe, maatschappelijke ontwikkelingen, zelfs als er geen bewijs is om een dergelijk causaal verband te suggereren. Vanwege de veronderstelde relatie tussen migratie en het maatschappelijk probleem – in dit geval de covid-19 pandemie – wordt er een hardere toon in het discours rond migratie aangenomen, en kan dit zich zelf vertalen naar het nemen concrete maatregelen om de mobiliteit van mensen (verder) te beteugelen. Het artikel stelt vast dat, in deze eerste golf van de pandemie, deze specifieke dynamiek niet duidelijk aanwezig is in het Nederlandse politieke discours, noch in het mediadiscours.“
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Abstract: „Op zoek naar het antwoord op de vraag: wat kunnen we leren van het behandelen van klachten tijdens een pandemie, onderzocht de Rotterdamse ombudsman 127 klachten die hij ontving in de eerste zes maanden van de coronacrisis. Het onderzoek en de leerpunten worden beschreven in het rapport Klachtbehandeling in tijden van een pandemie.1 In dit artikel leest u de belangrijkste bevindingen.“
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Angaben zum Inhalt: „This study looks at population response to government containment strategies during initial stages of the COVID-19 pandemic in four high-trust Northern European countries–Denmark, Germany, the Netherlands, and Sweden–with special emphasis on expressions of governmental trust. Sentiment analysis and topic modeling analysis were performed using Twitter data from three phases during the initial European lockdown, and results were compared over time and between countries. Findings show that, in line with existing theory, assertive crisis responses and proactive communication were generally well-received, whereas tentative crisis responses or indications by the authorities that the crisis was manageable were generally met with suspicion. In addition, while government support was high in all countries during the height of the crisis, messages critical of the government as well as conspiracy theories were nevertheless widely circulated. Importantly, countries with the least assertive strategies, rather than clear negative responses, saw heightened polarization of sentiment in the population. Furthermore, in the case of Sweden, a laissez-faire strategy was generally accepted by the population, despite strong criticism from other countries, until mortality rates started to rise. Possible explanations for these findings are discussed with an emphasis of prior trust as a potential explanatory factor. Future research should seek to replicate these findings in other countries with different levels of prior governmental trust or with a different severity of the COVID-19 outbreak than the countries in this study as well as triangulate the findings of this study using alternative methods.“
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Angaben zum Inhalt: „Marketplaces are regarded as quintessential public spaces, providing not only access to fresh produce but also functioning as important social infrastructures. However, many marketplaces closed down or changed fundamentally in response to the COVID-19 coronavirus outbreak. In this paper, we reflect on the effects of the crisis on Dutch marketplaces from two interdependent analytical levels. From a ground level, we illustrate their ‘temporary death’ as public spaces and reflect on their changing social dynamics. From an organisational level, we analyse traders’ responses to the institutional measures taken to combat the crisis. Combining pre-corona, in-situ research with (social) media analysis, we show how a variegated institutional landscape of market regulation emerged. Whereas some markets closed down, others remained open in a highly regulated manner; representing merely economic infrastructures. Our first reflections lead to new avenues to explore how the COVID-19 crisis affects the everyday geographies of public space.“
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Angaben zum Inhalt: „More than a boost in political trust: Dutch public opinion during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic During the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic, Dutch public opinion was largely characterized by a more positive outlook on society and politics. We give explanations for this rather positive spirit based on literature on earlier crises and we outline the changes in public opinion between January and April 2020 (using the Citizens' Outlooks Barometer). We will complement this quantitative analysis by analysing several open-ended questions to enhance our knowledge on the individual’s perceptions, attitudes and judgments about politics and society at the beginning of the pandemic. Our qualitative data analysis shows that the boost in political trust is driven by a specific appreciation of proceedings during the crisis and not by future expectations. But moreover, while this political ‘rally-round-the-flag’ phenomenon became centre stage of the crisis literature, we actually found that this is less salient than the societal outlook during a crisis: many citizens also express a reappraisal of society.“
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Abstract: „To mitigate the spread of the COVID-19 virus, the Dutch government has implemented several rules and regulations during the pandemic. Compliance with these rules and regulations is crucial for its effectiveness. In the current article, the authors give an overview of research findings from three different studies looking at compliance with the COVID-19 mitigating measures in the Netherlands. In these studies, both manual and computer-based video-analysis is used to give insight in the behavior of people on the streets of Amsterdam. Study 1 monitors compliance with the social distancing directive and stay-at-home advice, showing that people keep less distance when it is crowded on the street. Study 2 focusses on compliance with mandatory mask-wearing and shows that mask-wearing increases with the implementation of the mandatory mask areas, but crowding does not decrease. Finally, Study 3 looks at compliance of citizens during the curfew and shows that streets became far less crowded after 9 p.m. during curfew nights.“
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Abstract: „In deze bijdrage worden juridische kanttekeningen geplaatst bij het recent verschenen, kritische rapport van de Onderzoeksraad voor Veiligheid over de aanpak van de coronacrisis. Door zijn beleidsmatige en puur nationaal gerichte insteek blijven belangrijke vragen en oplossingsrichtingen onbesproken. Wel wordt terecht gesteld dat corona te lang als een infectieziekteprobleem en eerder als een maatschappelijke crisis had moeten worden bestempeld.“
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Abstract: „COVID-19 has hit many countries all over the world, and its impact on (party) politics has been undeniable. This crisis situation functions as an opportunity structure incentivising opposition forces to support the government. Not much is known about what drives opposition parties to (not) support the government in crisis situations. This article integrates the literature on rally-around-the-flag, political opportunity structures, party types and party goals. More specifically, we focus on the behaviour of opposition parties towards the government's crisis response to the COVID-19 pandemic. We analyse whether and how the party type influences the position of the party vis-à-vis the governmental coalition, focusing on the case of Belgium. We categorise the seven opposition parties in Belgium as challenger or mainstream parties and explain their behaviour on the basis of policy-, office- or vote-seeking motives. Our analysis is based on party voting behaviour, elite interviews and an analysis of the main plenary debates.“
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Angaben zum Inhalt: „Attitudes about gender and the care for small children before and after the first lockdown in the Netherlands The COVID-19 pandemic has led to major changes in the division of paid and unpaid work in many Dutch households. Before the pandemic, work-care patterns were relatively traditional in the majority of families in the Netherlands, with women performing more unpaid tasks and men more paid work. These patterns were disrupted during the lockdown by the obligation to work from home and formal and informal childcare being unavailable. This meant that fathers were much more exposed to care and household tasks than before the pandemic. This effect was potentially reinforced by the fact that many ‘essential workers’ in education and healthcare were female, leaving their male partner to take over (extra) care tasks at home. But did these changes in the division of tasks also affect normative attitudes about gender and care? In this study we aim to answer this question using longitudinal data collected among 300 respondents in the Netherlands before (early 2019/2020) and after (July 2020) the first lockdown. We expect that attitudes about men’s caring capabilities have become more positive in partnered men and women if the male partner was working from home. The empirical results show that attitudes about gender roles regarding child rearing have become more traditional after the lockdown and this is particularly the case for men who worked from home while their partner continued to work outside the home.“
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Angaben zum Inhalt: „This study explores whether the corona crisis had an impact on the perception of job insecurity, operationalised as occupational insecurity. At the same time, we examine the association between occupational insecurity and two societal attitudes: political powerlessness and beliefs in a corona conspiracy. Finally, the literature on conspiracies suggests that the association between occupational insecurity and beliefs in a conspiracy are an attempt to give meaning to a crisis situation, like the corona pandemic. This hypothesis is tested by analysing whether political powerlessness mediates the association between occupational insecurity and the belief in a corona conspiracy. Data were gathered in December 2020 via an online survey among 1324 respondents in Flanders (Belgium). All hypotheses were corroborated by the analyses. The results suggest that the corona crisis did not only affect our health and health care system, but also might have ‘infected’ work related and societal and political attitudes.“
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Abstract: „In the second half of the last century, the position of detainees in the Netherlands improved considerably. As far as is possible in the case of persons deprived of their freedom, there has been a certain emancipation of detainees. A well-functioning right of complaint and appeal has been created, for example, that offers detainees the possibility to have decisions of the government, in particular those of the director of the institution and the selection official, that are unfavourable to them, reviewed by an independent judicial authority. Their living conditions have also improved during this period. However, in recent years there has also been a tendency for the government to make ever greater demands on the behaviour of detainees, in return for fewer opportunities for activities and freedoms aimed at resocialisation. Since last year, the corona pandemic and the way in which it is dealt with in prisons have put further pressure on the already vulnerable position of detainees. Since March 2020, prisoners have had their opportunities for phasing in and resocialising further reduced by the virtual prohibition of leave. Furthermore, the visiting possibilities and the activity programmes within the penitentiary institutions have been minimal for over a year.“
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