Ihre Suche
Ergebnisse 70 Einträge
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Angaben zum Inhalt: „Wat is de maatschappelijke impact van de coronacrisis voor de inwoners van Fryslân? Het Fries Sociaal Planbureau (FSP) heeft hier in oktober 2020 voor de tweede keer onderzoek naar gedaan. De belangrijkste conclusie: de gevolgen van de coronacrisis zijn ongelijk verdeeld. Vooral jongvolwassenen, werkenden met een flexibel contract, zzp’ers en senioren hebben te maken met de negatieve effecten ervan.“
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Abstract: „During the COVID-19 crisis a risk of ‘code black’ emerged in the Netherlands. Doctors mentioned that in case of code black, very senior citizens might not receive intensive care treatment for COVID-19 due to shortages. Sociologist Ulrich Beck argued that palpable risks lead to the creation of new networks of solidarity. In this article this assumption is investigated by analyzing the different storylines prevalent in the public discussion about ‘code black’. Initially, storylines showing sympathy with the plight of the elderly came to the fore. However, storylines brought forward by medical organizations eventually dominated, giving them the opportunity to determine health care policy to a large extent. Their sway over policymaking led to a distribution scheme of vaccines that was favourable for medical personnel, but unfavourable for the elderly. The discursive process on code black taken as a whole displayed a struggle over favourable risk positions, instead of the formation of risk solidarity.“
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Angaben zum Inhalt: „The COVID-19 pandemic caused overcrowded IC units. In the Netherlands a discussion erupted on what category of patients should be granted a bed, if there would not be enough place to treat everybody. In this article the medical guidelines for this situation as well as the public discussion are examined and related to Ulrich Beck’s theory of reflexive modernization. It is argued that discussion and regulation of this dilemma follow reflexive patterns, albeit patchy. The discussion and regulation displayed reflective understanding of the perilous position of the elderly and frail but issues of class and ethnicity were not discussed. This research revealed that Beck’s theory holds its own when tested in an empirical situation, but it has weaknesses in regard to the predicted emergence of cosmopolitan solidarity.“
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Angaben zum Inhalt: „The outbreak of the Corona virus has led to unprecedented measures in education. From March 16, all schools in the Netherlands are closed, and children must keep up with their schoolwork from home. Parents are expected to take a crucial role in this “homeschooling”: they are primarily responsible for ensuring that their children follow the curriculum. In this article I report the first results of a module in the LISS Panel that was designed to map how parents school their children in primary and secondary education. Data on a nationally representative sample of 1,318 children in primary and secondary education were gathered in April. The results show marked differences between social groups. Whereas all parents find it important that their children keep up with the schoolwork, children from advantaged backgrounds receive much more parental support and have more resources (e.g., own computer) to study from home. Differences in parental support are driven by the ability to help: parents with a higher education degree feels themselves much capable to help their children with schoolwork than lower educated parents. Parents also report that schools provide more extensive distant schooling for children in the academic track in secondary education (vwo) than for children in the pre-vocational track (vmbo). Finally, there is a clear gender gap: parents feel much more capable to support their daughters than their sons.These initial findings provide clear indications that the school shutdown in the Netherlands is likely to have strong effects on the inequality in educational opportunities.“
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Angaben zum Inhalt: „The global health crisis due to the pandemic of the SARS‐CoV‐2 is associated with processes of urbanisation and globalisation. Globally well‐connected areas with high population densities are hence expected to be disproportionately affected by COVID‐19. This paper investigates the role of population density within the Netherlands, comparing hospitalisation and mortality related to COVID‐19 across municipalities. The paper finds that infections, hospitalisation and mortality related to COVID‐19 are not clearly correlated with the population density or urbanity of the municipality, also when controlling for age and public health factors. The paper concludes that while the public debate stresses the elevated risk of infections in cities, due to transgressive behaviour, the evidence in this paper suggests that the geography of the epidemic in the Netherlands is more complex. It speculates that the variation in urbanisation in most of the country might just be too small to expect significant differences.“
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Abstract: „[fr] Depuis quelques semaines, l’actualité nationale et internationale est dominée par un seul sujet : la Belgique, comme une large partie du monde, est touchée par la pandémie de la maladie infectieuse appelée Covid-19 qui est due à la propagation d’un coronavirus. Dans ce contexte extraordinaire, des mesures fortes ont été prises par les différentes autorités qui composent la structure fédérale belge. Le présent Courrier hebdomadaire entend livrer de premières observations juridiques sur la manière dont l’État belge, avec ses spécificités institutionnelles, a commencé à réagir à cette situation hors du commun. Il couvre la période du 12 mars au 30 mars, lors de laquelle la Belgique a progressivement vu s’établir un régime d’exception inédit en temps de paix. La contribution est articulée autour de quatre constats. En premier lieu, l’État belge a pris des mesures fortes, qui répondent à son obligation juridique de réagir face à un risque pour la vie. En second lieu, apporter une réponse centralisée à la crise sanitaire liée à l’épidémie de Covid-19 est, en Belgique, compliqué par le partage de compétences en vigueur entre les différents niveaux de pouvoir. En troisième lieu, la réponse à la crise du Covid-19 s’est traduite par des évolutions considérables dans les rapports entre les assemblées législatives et les pouvoirs exécutifs. En particulier, cette crise a eu pour effet de mettre un terme au régime d’affaires courantes au niveau fédéral. A presque tous les niveau de pouvoir, elle a également conduit à l’attribution, par les Parlements, de pouvoirs spéciaux à leurs gouvernements. Enfin, la crise sanitaire du Covid-19 a amené les pouvoirs publics belges à limiter les droits et libertés des citoyens d’une manière considérable. [nl] De laatste weken wordt het nationale en internationale nieuws gedomineerd door één enkel onderwerp: België wordt, net als een groot deel van de wereld, getroffen door de pandemie van de besmettelijke ziekte Covid-19, die te wijten is aan de verspreiding van een coronavirus. In deze buitengewone context hebben de verschillende overheden die deel uitmaken van de Belgische federale structuur krachtige maatregelen genomen. Deze "Courrier hebdomadaire" is bedoeld om enkele eerste juridische opmerkingen te maken over de manier waarop de Belgische staat, met zijn institutionele bijzonderheden, is begonnen te reageren op deze buitengewone situatie. Het bestrijkt de periode van 12 maart tot 30 maart, waarin in België geleidelijk aan een ongekend noodregime in vredestijd tot stand is gekomen. De bijdrage is gebaseerd op vier observaties. Ten eerste heeft de Belgische staat krachtige maatregelen genomen om te voldoen aan zijn wettelijke verplichting om te reageren op een risico voor het leven. Ten tweede wordt het geven van een gecentraliseerd antwoord op de gezondheidscrisis in verband met de Covid-19-epidemie in België bemoeilijkt door de bestaande bevoegdheidsverdeling tussen de verschillende bestuursniveaus. Ten derde heeft de reactie op de Covid-19-crisis geleid tot aanzienlijke veranderingen in de relatie tussen de wetgevende vergaderingen en de uitvoerende machten. Deze crisis heeft met name tot gevolg gehad dat er een einde is gekomen aan de ontslagnemende regering op federaal niveau. Op bijna alle niveaus van het federaal België heeft het ook geleid tot de toewijzing van speciale bevoegdheden door de parlementen aan hun regeringen. Ten slotte heeft de gezondheidscrisis van Covid-19 de Belgische overheid ertoe gebracht de rechten en vrijheden van de burgers aanzienlijk te beperken. [de] In den letzten Wochen wurde die nationale und internationale Berichterstattung von einem einzigen Thema beherrscht: Belgien ist wie ein großer Teil der Welt von der Pandemie der Infektionskrankheit Covid-19 betroffen, die auf die Verbreitung eines Coronavirus zurückzuführen ist. In diesem außerordentlichen Kontext wurden von den verschiedenen Behörden, die die föderale Struktur Belgiens bilden, starke Maßnahmen ergriffen. Dieser "Courrier hebdomadaire" soll erste rechtliche Anmerkungen dazu liefern, wie der belgische Staat mit seinen institutionellen Besonderheiten auf diese außergewöhnliche Situation zu reagieren begonnen hat. Es umfasst den Zeitraum vom 12. März bis zum 30. März, in dem in Belgien nach und nach ein für Friedenszeiten beispielloses Notstandsregime eingeführt wurde. Der Beitrag basiert auf vier Beobachtungen. Erstens hat der belgische Staat strenge Maßnahmen ergriffen, die seiner gesetzlichen Verpflichtung entsprechen, auf eine Gefährdung von Leben zu reagieren. Zweitens wird die Bereitstellung einer zentralisierten Antwort auf die Gesundheitskrise im Zusammenhang mit der Covid-19-Epidemie in Belgien durch die bestehende Aufteilung der Kompetenzen zwischen den verschiedenen Regierungsebenen erschwert. Drittens hat die Reaktion auf die Covid-19-Krise zu erheblichen Veränderungen im Verhältnis zwischen den gesetzgebenden Versammlungen und der Exekutive geführt. Diese Krise hat insbesondere dazu geführt, dass das System des Tagesgeschäfts auf föderaler Ebene beendet wurde. Auf fast allen Machtebenen hat sie auch dazu geführt, dass die Parlamente ihren Regierungen Sonderbefugnisse zugewiesen haben. Schließlich hat die Gesundheitskrise von Covid-19 die belgischen Behörden dazu veranlasst, die Rechte und Freiheiten der Bürger erheblich einzuschränken. [en] For the past few weeks, national and international news has been dominated by a single subject: Belgium, like a large part of the world, is affected by the pandemic of the infectious disease called Covid-19, which is due to the spread of a coronavirus. In this extraordinary context, strong measures have been taken by the different authorities that make up the Belgian federal structure. This "Courrier hebdomadaire" intends to provide some initial legal observations on the way the Belgian State, with its institutional specificities, has begun to react to this extraordinary situation. It covers the period from 12 March to 30 March, during which Belgium gradually saw the establishment of an unprecedented peacetime emergency regime. The contribution is based on four observations. Firstly, the Belgian State has taken strong measures that meet its legal obligation to react to a risk to life of the Belgian citizens. Secondly, providing a centralised response to the health crisis linked to the Covid-19 pandemic is, in Belgium, complicated because of the existing division of competences between the different levels of government. Thirdly, the response to the Covid-19 crisis has led to considerable changes in the relationship between the legislative assemblies and the executive powers. In particular, this crisis has had the effect of putting an end to the system of the transitory government at the federal level. At almost all levels of power, it has also led to the allocation of special powers by parliaments to their governments. Finally, the Covid-19 health crisis led the Belgian public authorities to limit the rights and freedoms of citizens considerably.“
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Angaben zum Inhalt: „Engaging the concepts of flow, circulation and blockage can help us to understand the trajectories of pandemics and the social responses to them. Central to the analysis is the concept of obligatory passage points through which networks must pass. Attempts by various actors to control the movement through them, be they government authorities, health experts and caregivers, economic producers or consumers, can create social tensions. Such tensions were duly recognised during the recurring outbreaks of the plague in the Second Plague Pandemic between the fourteenth and the seventeenth centuries. Analysing historical plague ordinances allows us to expose the power mechanisms impacting networks as they move through spaces, and to remain critical of how circulation is controlled and moralised. We argue that historians can contribute to reviewing these mechanisms behind the spread of epidemics and the responses to them from the perspective of movement and blockage.“
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Angaben zum Inhalt: „Er is een sterk verband tussen sterfte en inkomen, zowel tijdens als voor de COVID-19 crisis. Voor mannen tussen 40 en 65 bv., zien we tot 5 keer meer sterfte bij de 10% laagste inkomens, in vergelijking met de 10% hoogste inkomens. In de bevolkingsgroep ouder dan 65 jaar trof oversterfte tijdens de Corona-pandemie de laagste inkomens harder dan de hoogste inkomens. De oversterfte is het grootst voor ouderen met de laagste inkomens in de armste gemeentes. Zelfs in de oudere bevolkingsgroep is de inkomensongelijkheid in sterfte tijdens maart en mei van 2020 vergelijkbaar met andere jaren. Voor de bevolking onder de 65 jaar is er geen oversterfte tijdens de COVID-19-periode. De oversterfte was het hoogst bij de bewoners van woonzorgcentra. Maar in deze groep is er geen significante relatie tussen inkomen en sterfte. Administratieve data zijn onontbeerlijk voor het bestuderen van de ongelijke impact van de COVID-19 crisis, en kunnen ook hun waarde tonen bij het bestrijden ervan.“
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Angaben zum Inhalt: „Dans cet extrait du «Recueil de contributions spécial Covid-19» que la Fondation IDEA a publié le 2 juin dernier, Antoine Decoville, chercheur en géographie et aménagement du territoire au LISER, nous parle de l’impact de la crise sanitaire et économique sur l’organisation spatiale du pays à l’échelle transfrontalière, nationale et locale.“
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Angaben zum Inhalt: „This paper presents an overview and comparative analysis of the epidemiological situation and the policy responses in France, Belgium, and Canada during the early stages of the 2020 Covid-19 pandemic (Feb.-Aug. 2020). These three countries are compared because they represent a spectrum of different governance structures while also being OECD nations that are similar in many other respects.“
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Angaben zum Inhalt: „Four phases of the Corona crisis are distinguished: a first acute phase, the gradual transition to a new normal, the economic downturn and the long run. The article describes what happened in the courts in the first and in the beginning of the second phase, and what is subsequently likely to happen. In the acute phase the court buildings shut down, and adjudication came largely to a halt. The courts were late in opening up, and as a result backlogs of, in particular, criminal cases increased. The courts extended their use of digital tools (e.g. tele-hearings) that, while allowing cases to proceed, did not fully protect the rights of parties. While so far the volume of commercial cases and bankruptcies has not increased, a (rapid) increase is inevitable. Contract breach will be wide spread, and will give rise to fundamental legal issues. For economic recovery it is essential that the courts give clear and consistent guidance in these matters quickly. This requires the courts to reduce the currently long duration of civil cases, and to use the available procedures to get expeditious decisions of the Supreme Court. The courts will also need to develop their ICT-instruments rapidly to guarantee the rights of parties. After a difficult first phase, the courts now face the challenge to effectively guide society through the Corona crisis and its aftermath, and thereby play its role in the trias politica.“
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Abstract: „In deze bijdrage worden juridische kanttekeningen geplaatst bij het recent verschenen, kritische rapport van de Onderzoeksraad voor Veiligheid over de aanpak van de coronacrisis. Door zijn beleidsmatige en puur nationaal gerichte insteek blijven belangrijke vragen en oplossingsrichtingen onbesproken. Wel wordt terecht gesteld dat corona te lang als een infectieziekteprobleem en eerder als een maatschappelijke crisis had moeten worden bestempeld.“
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Angaben zum Inhalt: „Marketplaces are regarded as quintessential public spaces, providing not only access to fresh produce but also functioning as important social infrastructures. However, many marketplaces closed down or changed fundamentally in response to the COVID-19 coronavirus outbreak. In this paper, we reflect on the effects of the crisis on Dutch marketplaces from two interdependent analytical levels. From a ground level, we illustrate their ‘temporary death’ as public spaces and reflect on their changing social dynamics. From an organisational level, we analyse traders’ responses to the institutional measures taken to combat the crisis. Combining pre-corona, in-situ research with (social) media analysis, we show how a variegated institutional landscape of market regulation emerged. Whereas some markets closed down, others remained open in a highly regulated manner; representing merely economic infrastructures. Our first reflections lead to new avenues to explore how the COVID-19 crisis affects the everyday geographies of public space.“
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