Ihre Suche

Aus dem Inhaltstext: „La construction des territoires en Europe" est un ouvrage issu des séminaires organisés par la Maison des Sciences de l'Homme Lorraine en collaboration avec l'Université de Luxembourg, en 2008 et 2009. L'essentiel des contributions concerne un espace transfrontalier de coopération territoriale appelé Grande Région qui regroupe des entités de quatre Étals: le Grand Duché de Luxembourg, la Wallonie et les Communauté française et germanophone en Belgique, la Lorraine en France et les 1änder de Sarre et de Rhénanie-Palatinat en Allemagne. L'événement "Luxembourg et Grande Région, capitale européenne de la culture 2007" en est une des manifestations emblématiques. Les travaux présentés permettent, non seulement de faire un état des lieux des recherches sur la Grande Région, mais aussi de s'interroger sur les raisons du développement de cet objet privilégié. Dans une perspective multidisciplinaire, ils interrogent les fondements historiques et stratégiques de la construction de l'objet Grande Région, questionnent la validité de cette échelle territoriale privilégiée de l'action publique, observent les incidences de la mobilisation de la Grande Région dans un événement culturel visant à renforcer son existence dans l'esprit des populations. Si l'approche constructiviste est dominante dans les études et permet ainsi de dénaturaliser l'objet. cette posture de recherche est cependant soumise à un examen critique. En quoi les chercheurs contribuent-ils à faire exister l'objet sur lequel ils travaillent? Comment, dans un contexte de politiques culturelles territorialisées, est-il possible de mener des études de réception indépendantes? Et quelle est, en définitive, la pertinence du concept de territoire souvent posé comme une évidence dans le langage des instances européennes? Ces approches croisées de l'entité transfrontalière Grande Région, de ses modes d'existence et de ses formes de mobilisation dans les pratiques des acteurs publics, contribuent ainsi à enrichir l'analyse des nouvelles constructions territoriales aujourd'hui à l'oeuvre, depuis l'échelle locale jusqu'à l'Europe.“

Abstract: „Angesichts fortschreitender Globalisierung gewinnen übernationale Sozialbeziehungen zunehmend an Bedeutung. Sie rücken als Forschungsgegenstände immer stärker in die Human- und Sozialwissenschaften ein und stellen die teilweise noch an ‚verankerten’ Lebensbedingungen orientierten analytischen Konzepte in Frage. So ist teilweise ein Wandel weg von statischen, homogenisierenden und abgeschlossenen Modellen von Gesellschaft, Kultur und Raum hin zu entsprechend offenen und dynamischen Konzepten auszumachen. Diese können wichtige Impulse geben für Fragestellungen und ihre theoretischen Annäherungen auf der kleinräumigen Ebene von benachbarten Grenzregionen. Im vorliegenden Beitrag soll hierfür das Modell des transnationalen sozialen Raums aufgegriffen und im Hinblick auf grenzüberschreitende Sozialverflechtungen zwischen europäischen Grenzregionen theoretisch-konzeptionell diskutiert werden. Dafür werden zunächst die Mobilitätstypen des Transmigranten und des Grenzgängers erläutert und auf empirischer Ebene beispielhaft Bezüge zu einer bei Grenzgängern in der „Großregion SaarLorLux“ durchgeführten Studie hergestellt. Das im Umfeld der Migrationsforschung entwickelte und vorzustellende Modell fokussiert auf dauerhafte Sozialzusammenhänge, die über Nationalstaaten hinausreichen und neue Vergesellschaftungszusammenhänge konstituieren, gleichwohl bleibt es in seiner Konzeption und Analytik weitgehend einem statischen und nationalstaatlichen Denken verhaftet. Vor diesem Hintergrund wird versucht, die zentralen Desiderata und mögliche Entwicklungsperspektiven für die Erforschung transnationaler Sozialzusammenhänge in Grenzregionen herauszuarbeiten. Given the continuing processes of globalisation, social networks that can be categorised as being above the national level are coming to the fore. They are also making constant headway as research topics in the human and social sciences by calling analytical concepts into question that are still geared towards “rooted” life conditions. For instance, there is a move away from statistical, homogenising and closed models of society, culture and space to more open and dynamic concepts that can provide important motivation for questions and their way they theoretically approach these issues on the small-space level of neighbouring border regions. This article will address the model of a transnational social space and discuss it in the framework of cross-border social interconnections between European border regions. It will start off by explaining the types of mobility that transmigrants and cross-border commuters have and then empirically and exemplarily linking this to a study made on cross-border commuters in the large-scale SaarLorLux region. The model to be presented here has been developed in the context of migration research and it focuses on permanent social connections that go beyond national states and constitute new connections of socialisation, even though its conception and analytical methods mostly remain dedicated to static thinking and to the national state. Given these facts, this article attempts to outline the central desiderata and potential development vistas for the research on transnational social relationships in border regions.“

Abstract: „The intermunicipal, cross-border co-operation in the European border regions has experienced a dynamic thrust of development in the last few years. This was facilitated by the changes in the political, legal and financial framework conditions, to which the community initiative INTERREG provided a considerable contribution. An additional factor in the Saar-Lor-Lux region is that subunits form in the actual border regions within the generously measured, regional work areas of the interregional co-operation, characterised by a fairy homogenous regional structure. Using three case examples, it is demonstrated that cross-border organisation structures have developed within these small regions on a municipal level. These are being institutionalised more and more. Using the regional development model of the network of cities, which is being discussed with regards to its cross-border applicability, we can in this context speak of local co-operation networks. In the case of the Agglomération Transfrontalière du Pôle Européen de Développement (PED) in the Belgian-French-Luxembourg state triangle, the participating local authority districts and government authorities have joined together to form an association and maintain a joint Observatoire de l'Urbanisme, responsible among other things since 1996 for the registration and processing of regional data as well as for the development of land use concepts. The M eeting of Mayors and/or the Ronde des Trois Frontières, responsible for the development of tourism in the German-French-Luxembourg Moselle Valley, are considerably less formal network structures. The co-operation between the border local authority districts was institutionalised in the Saar-Rosselle region in the form of the Intermunicipal Association for Work. The latter maintains a co-operation office with the Saarbrücken city association, principally responsible for co-ordination tasks with regards to current and developing, cross-border projects. Despite the depicted structural and legal impediments, an increased institutionalisation of the co-operations can be observed; this goes hand in hand with a topical diversification, which deincreasingly covers subject areas which have been avoided up until now because of the potential conflicts found therein, as demonstrated by the example of the joint commercial area development in the case of the Agglomération du PED. These observed case examples deal with increasingly integrated core regions within a border region which can provide important impulses for the interregional and also international dialogue. At the same time, practical measures were implemented on this level, which are perceived by the local population in day to day life and therefore have greater identity-forming effects. In this context, these measures can provide an essential or even exemplary contribution to overcoming the interior borders of the EU. These approaches can be understood as being a basis for integration "from the bottom up" which make a greater sustainability and acceptance in the various sectors of day to day living more probable, unlike the top-down forces which dominate the realisation of the European common market or the currency union.“